Abstract Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (Latreille, 1817) and Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pérez Farfante, 1967), commonly known as pink shrimps, are two commercially important penaeid species caught by artisanal and industrial fisheries in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. The currently known southern distribution for F. brasiliensis extends to Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), while F. paulensis reaches the coastal waters of Buenos Aires (Argentina), although Uruguay represents the southern limit of commercial captures for the latter. In the shrimp season of 2019 (February-May) the presence of F. brasiliensis was recorded together with F. paulensis in the brackish coastal lagoons of Uruguay (34º30’ to 34º50’S). A total of 143 specimens of F. brasiliensis and 152 of F. paulensis were analyzed evaluating morphological, morphometric and genetic differences. The presence of both species was validated based on morphological differences and sequencing the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial gene. Significant morphometric differences were found between both species, particularly, the larger rostral length in relation to the carapace and cephalothorax length in F. paulensis compared to F. brasiliensis. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed record and commercial catch of F. brasiliensis in Uruguayan waters. This southwards expansion could be explained by extending climatic variability events associated with prolonged periods of positive sea surface temperature anomalies in the region. Given the potential commercial relevance of the species, a better understanding of the southward expansion of F. brasiliensis into Uruguayan waters would be helpful in developing efficient management and conservation strategies under a scenario of increasing water temperatures.

ABSTRACT This work analyzed length-mass relationship, growth in length, mass variations and dynamic of yolk sac depletion of Mustelus schmitti embryos, extracted from females catched by the artisanal fishery acting off La Paloma (34°39'S, 54°10'W, Uruguay) during 2006 and 2007. Differences in total length and total mass between sexes were not significant. Embryos showed a negative allometric growth for both years with a slope change near the day 170 of the year, likely to be associated with the depletion of the external yolk sac. Gompertz and Von Bertalanffy curves were adjusted for each year. Parturition date was determined around the day 300 of the year. Yolk depletion followed a logistic dynamic Yt=1/(1+e(-13.749 + 0.072*t)) for 2006 and Yt=1/(1+e(-10.472 + 0.054*t)) for 2007. Embryos showed a mean increase in total dry mass of 5.4g in 187 days which, together with yolk depletion dynamics, indicates additional energetic supply, suggesting that M. schmitti presents limited histotrophy.

RESUMEN Este trabajo analizó las relaciones largo-masa, crecimiento en talla, variaciones en masa y dinámica de consumo del saco vitelino de embriones de Mustelus schmitti extraídos de hembras capturadas por la flota pesquera artesanal del puerto de La Paloma (34°39'S, 54°10'W, Uruguay) durante 2006 y 2007. Las diferencias en largo total y masa total entre sexos no fueron significativas. Los embriones mostraron crecimiento alométrico negativo en ambos años, con un cambio de pendiente cercano al día 170, probablemente asociado con el agotamiento del saco vitelino externo. Se ajustaron curvas de crecimiento de Gompertz y VonBertalanffy para cada año. La fecha de parición se determinó cerca del día 300 del año. El consumo de vitelo siguió una dinámica logística Yt=1/(1+e(-13.749 + 0.072*t)) en 2006 y Yt=1/(1+e(-10.472 + 0.054*t)) en 2007. Los embriones mostraron un aumento promedio de masa seca de 5.4g en 187 días, esto, junto con la dinámica de consumo de vitelo, indicó una provisión adicional de energía, sugiriendo que M. schmitti presenta histotrofía limitada.

This study analyses the seasonal fisheries and sexual proportion of the narrownose smooth-hound Mustelus schmitti from the Uruguayan oceanic coast. The maximum catches took place during the fall. Of a total of 2105 individuals, 1483 were males and 622 females, being females larger than males. Females were dominant at maximum depths of 50 m (inner shelf), whereas males occupied major depths of 50 m (outer shelf). The great proportion of mature females on the inner shelf during spring and summer, and mature males in summer are related to the mating, ovulation and delivery time as previously proposed for this shark in this area. The length in which 50% of the females were retained was below or on the length of sexual maturity of the narrownose smooth-hound, indicating that these are more affected by the fishing activity. Nevertheless, an important fraction of the population that distributes on the inner and outer shelf during the time of parturition, ovulation and mating would be protected in spring and summer by the establishment of fishing bans of the fishes Cynoscion guatucupa and Merluccius hubbsi

As heterojunções de SiC em isolante, conhecidas como SiCOI (SiC-on-insulator), ao combinar as vantagens do SiC e do substrato de Si mostram-se interessantes para aplicações em altas temperaturas, alta potência, altas freqüências, sensores inteligentes, e aplicações micro-mecânicas. Neste trabalho pesquisamos as propriedades de filmes finos de carbeto de silício amorfo hidrogenado (a-Si1-xCx:H) depositado por PECVD em substratos de silício e silício coberto por uma camada isolante, antes e após o recozimento térmico para a cristalização do filme. Devido a seu grande interesse em aplicações optoeletrônicas foram pesquisadas quatro tipos de isolantes diferentes: SiO2 térmico obtido a altas temperaturas (1100 ºC), SiO2, SiOxNy, e Si3N4 obtidos por PECVD a baixa temperatura (320 ºC). A análise de infravermelho nas amostras como depositadas mostra que o filme depositado em substrato de silício coberto por Si3N4 possui uma melhor coordenação entre os átomos de Si e C. O recozimento térmico realizado conduz à cristalização de todos os filmes amorfos depositados. As medidas Raman exibem a vibração referente ao C-C somente para os filmes depositados sobre isolantes PECVD, depois de recozidos. Os resultados da análise de DRX mostram que os filmes depositados em substrato de Si(100) e Si(100) coberto com SiO2 térmico apresentam orientação cristalina preferencial na direção (100), enquanto os filmes depositados em substrato de silício coberto com isolantes PECVD apresentam uma banda larga associada com a difração do H-SiC(10L) e do 3C-SiC(111).

The SiC-on-insulator (SiCOI) heterojuntion is interesting for high temperature, high power, high frequency, smart-sensors, and micromechanical applications, due to the combined SiC and Si substrate advantages. In this work we investigate the properties of amorphous hydrogenated silicon carbide thin films (a-Si1-xCx:H) deposited by PECVD onto silicon and silicon covered with an insulator layer, before and after thermal annealing processing aiming crystallization of the deposited films. Due to their great interest for optoelectronic applications, four different insulator materials are investigated: high temperature (1100 ºC) thermal SiO2, low temperature (320 ºC) PECVD SiO2, SiOxNy, and Si3N4. The infrared absorption studies for as-deposited films show that films grown onto silicon covered with Si3N4 layer have a better coordination among Si and C atoms. Post-growth thermal annealing leads to the crystallization of the material for all the studied amorphous films. Raman measurements exhibited C-C bond vibration bands, after annealing, only for films deposited onto PECVD insulator. XRD results showed that films deposited on thermal-SiO2/Si(100) and Si(100) substrates have also a preferential (100) crystalline orientation, while films deposited on PECVD-insulator/Si(100) present a broad band associated with H-SiC(10L) and 3C-SiC(111) diffractions.